What is Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)?
An ERCP is a specialized procedure that typically lasts between 30 to 90 minutes and is conducted by a specially trained, advanced endoscopic, interventional gastroenterologist. This procedure combines upper endoscopy and X-rays to not just diagnose but to also treat conditions affecting the bile and pancreatic ducts, such as gallstones or strictures. A flexible camera, known as an endoscope, is inserted through the throat into the small intestine that allows the doctor to remove any stones in the common bile duct, open narrowed ducts (placing stents), caused by scar tissue or tumors, repair bile duct leans following gallbladder surgery and take biopsies to check for any cancers or inflammation.
Preparing for ERCP
An empty stomach will allow for the best results from an ECRP so your doctor will instruct you to stop eating or drinking eight hours prior to your procedure. The most important step is to talk to your doctor about any medical conditions you have, including taking any aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and any blood thinners prior to the procedure. Your doctor will provide you with full instructions on how to prepare for your ECRP.
What to expect during ERCP
You will receive sedation, during which an intravenous sedative will be provided to help you relax. This process is often complemented by a numbing spray applied to the throat. The procedure itself involves a gastroenterologist gently guiding an endoscope through the mouth, esophagus, and stomach, reaching the first segment of the small intestine. For imaging, a catheter is introduced through the endoscope to inject contrast dye into the ducts, which is then visualized using fluoroscopy (X-ray). If any issues are identified, treatment is carried out using specialized tools through the endoscope. After the procedure, patients are monitored for 1-2 hours in recovery until the sedation wears off. Common temporary side effects include bloating, nausea or a sore throat. You must have transportation after the procedure as you will not be able to drive.