What is Colon Cancer / Colon Polyps?
Colon cancer develops in the large intestine and often begins as abnormal growths known as colon polyps. Routine screening plays an important role in detecting colon cancer early and preventing cancer from developing through the removal of precancerous polyps.
Symptoms
- Rectal bleeding
- Changes in bowel habits
- Persistent abdominal discomfort
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue or weakness
- Narrow stools
- Iron deficiency anemia
Causes & Risk Factors
Risk factors for colon cancer may include advancing age, family history of colorectal cancer or polyps, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, smoking, heavy alcohol use, and diets high in processed or red meats. Colon polyps are common and are usually benign, but certain types can become cancerous over time if left untreated.
Gastroenterological Diagnosis & Treatment
Colonoscopy remains the gold standard for colon cancer screening because it allows physicians to detect and remove polyps during the same procedure. Screening is generally recommended beginning at age 45 for average-risk adults, though earlier screening may be appropriate for high-risk individuals. Treatment for colon cancer depends on the stage of disease and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of treatments.