What is Ulcerative Colitis?
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the colon and rectum. The condition causes inflammation and ulcer formation within the large intestine, leading to recurring digestive symptoms.
Symptoms
- Bloody diarrhea
- Abdominal pain or cramping
- Urgency with bowel movements
- Rectal bleeding
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Frequent bowel movements
Causes & Risk Factors
The exact cause of ulcerative colitis is not fully understood, but immune system dysfunction, genetics, and environmental factors are believed to contribute.
Gastroenterological Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis commonly includes laboratory testing, stool studies, colonoscopy, and biopsy evaluation. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and maintaining remission through medications, biologic therapies, dietary management, and in some cases surgery.