What is Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the digestive tract, primarily Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. These conditions involve abnormal immune system activity that leads to ongoing intestinal inflammation.
Symptoms
- Abdominal pain
- Persistent diarrhea
- Rectal bleeding
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Urgency with bowel movements
- Loss of appetite
Causes & Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD is not fully understood, but genetics, immune system dysfunction, and environmental factors are believed to contribute. Family history and smoking may increase risk for certain forms of IBD.
Gastroenterological Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis may include laboratory testing, stool studies, imaging, colonoscopy, and biopsy evaluation. Treatment often involves anti-inflammatory medications, immune-modifying therapies, biologic treatments, nutritional support, and ongoing monitoring to control inflammation and reduce complications.